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Fluid flow analysis and vertical gradient freeze crystal growth in a traveling magnetic field

Lantzsch, R.; Galindo, V.; Grants, I.; Pätzold, O.; Gerbeth, G.; Stelter, M.; Cröll, A.

The Traveling Magnetic Field (TMF) is a versatile tool to control the flow in an electrically conducting fluid. It introduces a mainly axial Lorentz force into the fluid which leads to meridional flow patterns. Applying the TMF to the Vertical Gradient Freeze (VGF) growth of semiconductor single crystals, the heat and mass transport in the melt can be tailored for growth under optimised flow conditions to improve crystal properties and/or growth yield.
In this paper we present experimental and numerical results on the TMF driven flow in an isothermal model fluid as well as in a VGF melt. The field is created by an equally spaced set-up of six coils of 36 windings each. Induction and frequency can be varied between 0-5 mT and 50-400 Hz, respectively.
Model experiments were carried out at about 20°C with the traveling field applied to InGaSn melts in cylindrical, non-conducting vessels of different diameters. Axial velocity profiles were measured by means of the Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry (UDV) method. The basic flow was investigated as a function of the aspect ratio and of the non-dimensional forcing and screening parameters with the focus on the transition from laminar to time-dependent convection. For comparison, numerical calculations were performed using advanced, highly accurate spectral methods as well as commercial codes.
For the growth experiments a VGF furnace was equipped with the TMF set-up. The maximum temperature of the furnace is about 1300°C and crystals with a diameter up to three inches can be grown. Ga doped germanium single crystals were grown under the influence of the field and without field. The TMF impact on the thermal field in the melt was studied on the basis of natural or artificially induced dopant striations which characterise the solid-liquid interface and, thus, the local temperature field. The transition to instationary melt flow which is indicated by the appearance of regular striation patterns in the crystal, was investigated by increasing the TMF forcing parameter intentionally during growth. Numerical results came from a quasi-2D simulation of the melt flow using the commercial code CrysVun++. A global, thermal model of the VGF furnace has been developed for this purpose.

  • Lecture (Conference)
    Joint 15th Riga and 6th PAMIR International Conference on Fundamental and Applied MHD, 27.06.-01.07.2005, Jurmala, Latvia
  • Contribution to proceedings
    Joint 15th Riga and 6th PAMIR International Conference on Fundamental and Applied MHD, 27.06.-01.07.2005, Jurmala, Latvia
    2(2005), 197-200
  • Magnetohydrodynamics 42(2006)4, 445-449

Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-7439
Publ.-Id: 7439