% ****** Start of file apssamp.tex ****** % % This file is part of the APS files in the REVTeX 4 distribution. % Version 4 beta 4 of REVTeX, May 24, 2000 % % Copyright (c) 2000 The American Physical Society. % % See the REVTeX 4 README file for restrictions and more information. % % TeX'ing this file requires that you have AMS-LaTeX 2.0 installed. % See the REVTeX 4 README file % It also requires running BibTeX. The commands are as follows: % % 1) latex apssamp.tex % 2) bibtex apssamp % 3) latex apssamp.tex % 4) latex apssamp.tex % \documentclass[twocolumn,showpacs]{revtex4} % Some other (several out of many) possibilities %\documentclass[preprint,eqsecnum,aps]{revtex4} %\documentclass[eqsecnum,aps,draft]{revtex4} %\documentclass[prb]{revtex4}% Physical Review B \usepackage{graphicx}% \usepackage{dcolumn} \usepackage{amsmath} % NOTICE: the following definitions are only for the sake of formatting % the LaTeX commands incorporated into this particular document. % You will not need them for a typical Physical Review paper; % you should *not* include them in your own documents. \makeatletter \def\btt#1{\texttt{\@backslashchar#1}}% \DeclareRobustCommand\bblash{\btt{\@backslashchar}}% \makeatother %\nofiles \begin{document} \preprint{HEP/123-qed} \title[Short Title]{Manuscript Title:\\ with Forced Linebreak}% Force line breaks with \\ \author{Ann Author} \thanks{Also at Physics Department, XYZ University.}%Lines break automatically or can be forced with \\ \author{Second Author}% \email{Second.Author@institution.edu} \affiliation{% Authors' institution and/or address\\ This line break forced% with \\ }% \author{Charlie Author} \homepage{http://www.Second.institution.edu/~Charlie.Author} \affiliation{ Second institution and/or address\\ This line break forced% with \\ }% \date{\today}% It is always \today, today, but you may specify any date with \date. \begin{abstract} An article usually includes an abstract, a concise summary of the work covered at length in the main body of the article. It is used for secondary publications and for information retrieval purposes. Valid PACS numbers may be entered using the \verb+\pacs{#1}+ command. \end{abstract} \pacs{Valid PACS appear here}% PACS, the Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme. \maketitle \tableofcontents \section{First-level heading:\protect\\ The line break was forced via \bblash} \label{sec:level1} Here is the first sentence in Sec.~\ref{sec:level1}, demonstrating section cross-referencing. %Note that this sample file was run with the eqsecnum option selected. Here is an open-face one: $\openone$. \subsection{Second-level heading:\protect\\ The line break was forced via \bblash} \label{sec:level2} Here is the first sentence in Sec.~\ref{sec:level2}, demonstrating section cross-referencing. The environment \texttt{widetext} will make the text the width of the full page, as on page~\pageref{wideeq}. A blank input line tells \TeX\ that the paragraph has ended. The width-changing commands only take effect in twocolumn style; the default is preprint style, which gives output of a constant width. This file may be run in both preprint and twocolumn styles. Preprint format may be used for submission purposes. Twocolumn format is used to mimic final journal output. When commands are referred to in this example file, they are always shown with their required arguments, using normal \TeX{} format. In this format, \verb+#1+, \verb+#2+, etc. stand for required author-supplied arguments to commands. For example, in \verb+\section{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ stands for the title text of the author's section heading, and in \verb+\title{#1}+ the \verb+#1+ stands for the title text of the paper. Reference citations in text use the commands \verb+\cite{#1}+ or \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+. \verb+#1+ may contain letters and numbers. In the reference section of this paper each reference is ``tagged'' by the \verb+\bibitem{#1}+ command. \verb+#1+ should be \emph{identical} in both commands. The form for citing in text is \verb+\cite{#1}+, and the result is shown here \cite{smith82,jones78}. When needing to explicitly use the word, ``Reference'', e.g., at the beginning of a sentence, use \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+ (Refs.~\onlinecite{smith82} and \onlinecite{jonessmith80}). It is worth mentioning that REV\TeX{} ``collapses'' lists of reference numbers where possible. We now cite everyone together \cite{smith82,jones78,jonessmith80}, and once again (Refs.~\onlinecite{smith82,jones78,jonessmith80}). When the {\tt prb} class option is used, the command \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+ will put the reference citations on-line: this effect appears in the preceding paragraph. Note that the location of citations must be adjusted to the reference style: the superscript references in {\tt prb} style must appear after punctuation; other styles must appear before any punctuation% \footnote{% Authors are encouraged to use {\rm B{\sc ib}\TeX}\/ and prsty.bst to create their reference list in proper APS style. Instructions can be requested by e-mail (\protect\url{mailto:mis@aps.org}). }. This sample was written for the regular (non-{\tt prb}) citation style, but invoking the {\tt prb} option will show the results of the command \verb+\onlinecite{#1}+ in the preceding paragraph. \section{Displayed equations} \subsection{Another second-level heading} \subsubsection{Third-level heading:\protect\\ The line break was forced via \bblash} \label{sec:level3} Here is the first sentence in Sec.~\ref{sec:level3}, demonstrating section cross-referencing. In \LaTeX\ there are many different ways to display equations, and a few preferred ways are noted below. Displayed math will center by default. \paragraph{Fourth-level heading: Single-line equations.} Below we have numbered single-line equations; this is the most common type of equation in {\it Physical Review\/}: \begin{eqnarray} \chi_+(p)\alt{\bf [}2|{\bf p}|(|{\bf p}|+p_z){\bf ]}^{-1/2} \left( \begin{array}{c} |{\bf p}|+p_z\\ px+ip_y \end{array}\right)\;, \\ \left\{% \openone234567890abc123\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta \frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% \right\}% \label{one}. \end{eqnarray} Note the open one in Eq.~(\ref{one}). Not all numbered equations will fit within a narrow column this way. The equation number will move down automatically if it cannot fit on the same line with a one-line equation: \begin{equation} \left\{ ab12345678abc123456abcdef\alpha\beta\gamma\delta1234556\alpha\beta \frac{1\sum^{a}_{b}}{A^2}% \right\}. \end{equation} When the \verb+\label{#1}+ command is used [cf. input for Eq.~(\ref{one})], the equation can be referred to in text without your knowing the equation number that \TeX\ will assign to it. Just use \verb+\ref{#1}+, where \verb+#1+ is the same name that you used in the \verb+\label{#1}+ command. If you have a single-line equation that you don't want numbered, you can use the \btt{[}, \btt{]} format: \[g^+g^+ \rightarrow g^+g^+g^+g^+ \dots ~,~~q^+q^+\rightarrow q^+g^+g^+ \dots ~. \] \subsubsection{Multiline equations} Multiline equations are obtained by using the \btt{begin$\{$eqnarray$\}$}, \btt{end$\{$eqnarray$\}$} format. Use the \btt{nonumber} command at the end of each line where you do not want a number: \begin{eqnarray} {\cal M}=&&ig_Z^2(4E_1E_2)^{1/2}(l_i^2)^{-1} \delta_{\sigma_1,-\sigma_2} (g_{\sigma_2}^e)^2\chi_{-\sigma_2}(p_2)\nonumber\\ &&\times [\epsilon_jl_i\epsilon_i]_{\sigma_1}\chi_{\sigma_1}(p_1), \end{eqnarray} \begin{eqnarray} \sum \vert M^{\rm viol}_g \vert ^2&=&g^{2n-4}_S(Q^2)~N^{n-2} (N^2-1)\nonumber \\ & &\times \left( \sum_{i