Evaluation of tumour hypoxia during radiotherapy using [18F]HX4 PET imaging and blood biomarkers in patients with head and neck cancer


Evaluation of tumour hypoxia during radiotherapy using [18F]HX4 PET imaging and blood biomarkers in patients with head and neck cancer

Zegers, C. M. L.; Hoebers, F. J. P.; van Elmpt, W.; Bons, J. A.; Öllers, M. C.; Troost, E. G. C.; Eekers, D.; Balmaekers, L.; Arts-Pechtold, M.; Mottaghy, F. M.; Lambin, P.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:

Increased tumour hypoxia is associated with a worse overall survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aims of this study were to evaluate treatment-associated changes in [18F]HX4-PET, hypoxia-related blood biomarkers, and their interdependence.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:

[18F]HX4-PET/CT scans of 20 patients with HNSCC were acquired at baseline and after ±20Gy of radiotherapy. Within the gross-tumour-volumes (GTV; primary and lymph nodes), mean and maximum standardized uptake values, the hypoxic fraction (HF) and volume (HV) were calculated. Also, the changes in spatial uptake pattern were evaluated using [18F]HX4-PET/CT imaging. For all patients, the plasma concentration of CAIX, osteopontin and VEGF was assessed.
RESULTS:

At baseline, tumour hypoxia was detected in 69 % (22/32) of the GTVs. During therapy, we observed a significant decrease in all image parameters. The HF decreased from 21.7 ± 19.8 % (baseline) to 3.6 ± 10.0 % (during treatment; P < 0.001). Only two patients had a HV > 1 cm3 during treatment, which was located for >98 % within the baseline HV. During treatment, no significant changes in plasma CAIX or VEGF were observed, while osteopontin was increased.
CONCLUSIONS:

[18F]HX4-PET/CT imaging allows monitoring changes in hypoxia during (chemo)radiotherapy whereas the blood biomarkers were not able to detect a treatment-associated decrease in hypoxia.

Keywords: CAIX; Hypoxia; Osteopontin; PET; VEGF

Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-25043
Publ.-Id: 25043