A New Criterion for the Bubble Slug Transition in Vertical Tubes

Vertical two-phase flow is normally classified into the four basic flow regimes bubble, slug, churn and annular flow. The transition between the different flow regimes does not occur suddenly and many extensions of this classification can be found in literature. For the prediction of flow patterns empirical and theoretical flow pattern maps have been developed.
A new criterion is presented for the transition between bubble and slug flow which is based on local instantaneous conductivity measurements with a wire mesh sensor (1 kHz that means 1000 frames per second, 242 measuring points in a tube cross section area). The high resolution allows the calculation of particle size distributions.

The transition from homogeneous bubble flow to heterogeneous bubble flow is indicated by the appearance of a bimodal bubble size distribution. If the equivalent bubble diameter exceeds the tube diameter the transition from bubble to slug flow occurs. The new criterion is compared with different empirical (Govier & Aziz, Weisman & Kang) and theoretical flow maps (Taitel, Bornea & Dukler, Ishii & Mishima) and shows a good agreement.