Efficiency of a DC magnetic field used for braking the flow within a continuous casting mould

The continuous casting technology provides about 90% of the world steel production. The application of DC magnetic fields in form of so-called electromagnetic brakes is considered for an effective flow control with substantial capabilities to improve the product quality or to enhance the productivity of the process. The main effect of the DC field is supposed to result in a uniform reduction of the maximum velocities in the discharging jet from the submerged entry nozzle and to damp violent turbulent fluctuations. However, the electromagnetic braking of such highly turbulent and complex flows is a complicated phenomenon and has not been understood fully until now.
We present numerical and experimental investigations focusing on the fluid flow in the continuous casting mold under the influence of a transverse magnetic field. Numerical calculations were performed using the software package CFX with an implemented RANS-SST turbulence model. The non-isotropic nature of the MHD turbulence was taken into account by specific modifications of the turbulence model.
Corresponding experimental investigations were carried out at the mockup LIMMCAST at HZDR. The comparison between our numerical calculations and the experimental results display a very well agreement. An important outcome of this study is the feature that the magnetic field does not provide a continuous reduction of the velocity fluctuations at the nozzle port.