Biogeographic Regionalization: Freshwater

Defining the number and geographical borders of regions containing similar organisms and high levels of endemism can shed light on the evolution and distribution of life on Earth. We provide an historical overview of studies delineating the global biogeographical regions of freshwater organisms, mainly focusing on fish, to understand whether aquatic and terrestrial organisms share similar distribution patterns. Then, we provide a geographical and biological description giving special attention to major biogeographical fish patterns and taxa present in each of the considered regions.