00343 Magnetic nanostructures

Magnetic nanostructures represent a reach playground for fundamental research in magnetism but also are applied in different areas including but not limited to magnetic data storage, permanent magnets, medicine, printing technologies and deep brain stimulation. This broad range of applications is enabled by the tunability of the composition of magnetic nanoscaled objects, which can consist of magnetic and non-magnetic heterostructures, possess different types of magnetic ordering and be of different geometrical shape. In this Chapter, we review fundamentals of magnetic phenomena in magnetic nanostructures, address fabrication and characterisation approaches as well as discuss on application scenarios. Considering the recent activities, we introduce also curvilinear nanostructures, strain coupled artificial multiferroics as well as magnetic 2D materials and heterostructures of magnetic materials and topological insulators.