Electron Imaging Based on Charge Density Potentials and Frozen Lattices

Standard potential for the simulation of electron holographic images are based on the superposition of atomic scattering potentials, and thermal effects are included by a Debye-Waller factor. In the present theoretical treatment these limitations have been overcome by the use of MD simulations with atomistic pair potentials, which yield an atom-resolved description of the thermal motion. A further refinement of the scattering potential is possible, if the self-consistently calculated electron distribution from a first-principles calculation on selected MD frames is employed instead of the spherical electronic part of the superposed atomic potentials.