CyClotron "CYCLONE 18/9"

The department of Reactive Transport in Leipzig utilizes the cyclotron CYCLONE 18/9® (Ion Beam Applications, IBA, Belgian) for the generation of radionuclides needed in the ongoing research. This particle accelerator supplies protons with an energy of 18 MeV and deuterons with an energy of 9 MeV and enables (p,x) and (d,x) – nuclear reactions. Two internal ion sources generate negatively charged hydrogen and deuteron ions, which are accelerated and after passing stripper foils are guided as protons and deuterons to the eight possible beam exits. A possible beam splitting enables the irradiation of two beam exits simultaneously. The maximum extractable beam current on target is 100 µA for protons and 40 µA for deuterons.

The eight beam exits are equipped with target stations for the irradiation of gaseous targets (e.g. generation of [¹¹C]CO₂, [¹¹C]CH₄ and [¹⁵O]O₂), liquid targets (e.g. generation of [¹⁸F]F₂)) and solid targets. COSTIS 1 and COSTIS 2 are the two available target station for the irradiation of solid targets. COSTIS 1 allows the irradiation of target capsules (diameter = 24 mm, thickness = 5 mm) and is utilized for the irradiation of powders, like oxides, nanoparticles (NP) and salts. COSTIS 2 handles disc-like targets (diameter = 24 mm, thickness = 2 mm) for the irradiation of foils and electroplated samples.

Established nuclear reactions in solid targets