Publications Repository - Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
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41687 Publications
Ultrasonic Two-Phase Flow Measurements Based on Pattern Recognition Techniques
Prasser, H.-M.; Hensel, F.; Schütz, P.
Abstract
The state-of art of ultrasonic two-phase flow measurements is characterised by a number of different approaches commonly based on the identification and characterisation of individual voids (bubbles, plugs etc.) applying the techniques of ultrasonic testing. The recorded individual events are integrated to extract parameters as void fraction or volume flow rates. The main limitation of these methods arises from the complicated structure of two-phase flow at higher void fractions which leads to multiple diffractions of the sound beam. The measurement is therefore limited to low void fractions or a simple flow structure.
The main idea of the present work was to overcome these limitations by means of pattern recognition. An ultrasonic beam crossing the two-phase flow is modulated by the changing structure of the voids passing by and therefore the through-transmission signal must contain information about the parameters of the two-phase flow even if information about individual flow effects cannot be derived. Therefore it was supposed that a pattern recognition algorithm trained with signals obtained at known conditions is able to identify the set of the flow parameters (flow rates, void fraction etc.) in an unknown situation.
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Contribution to proceedings
From Measurement to Innovation. Proceedings of the XIII IMEKO World Congress, Vol.2, p. 1112-111 -
Lecture (Conference)
XIII IMEKO World Congress, Torino September 5-9, 1994
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1831
Neutron-Physical Development of Reflectors for the Pulsed Reactor IBR-2
Noack, K.
Abstract
The pulsed fast reactor IBR-2, Dubna, is at present the most powerful pulsed neutron source used for condensed matter research. The neutron pulses are generated periodically by reactivity modulation, which is accomplished by a rotating two-reflector system. The neutron physics which has been involved in the development of various reflectors is analysed with respect to the neutron pulse length. Two new reflectors are proposed.
- Kerntechnik 59 (1994) 6, S. 291 - 297, München: Hanser Verlag, 1994
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1829
Post-Test Calculations of the IAEA-SPE4
Krepper, E.; Schäfer, F.
Abstract
In the Research Center Rossendorf post test calculations of the SPE4 were performed using the thermohydraulic code ATHLET. The SPE-4 experiment was a small break loss of coolant accident in the cold leg with unavailable high pressure injection system. For the prevention of core damage the secondary side bleed and feed was used. The experiment was performed at the Hungarian PMK-2 test facility, modelling the Paks VVER-440 reactor. In the calulations different nodalizations were tested for modelling the hydroaccumulators and the horizontal steam generator. Deviations between calculation and experiment were observed especially in the primary pressure decay and consequently in the behaviour of accumulator injection. It was found, that the prediction of observed core dry out depends on the correct calculation of the low pressure injection setpoint.
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Lecture (Conference)
Proc. 2. SPE-4 Workshop, Budapest, May 1994 -
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. 2. SPE-4 Workshop, Budapest, May 1994
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1828
Anwendung neuronaler Netze zur akustischen Leckortung an komplizierten Strukturen
Hessel, G.; Schmitt, W.; Weiß, F.-P.
Abstract
Eine Methode zur Erkennung und Ortung von Lecks an Druckanlagen komplizierter 3-dimensionaler Topologie ist entwickelt worden. Sie basiert auf der Merkmalsextraktion aus dem leckinduzierten Körper- und Luftschall und wendet neuronale Netze zur Mustererkennung an. Die zum Anlernen der neuronalen Netze notwendigen Schallmuster werden mit Hilfe von simulierten Lecks an einer Originalstruktur erzeugt. Als Merkmale zur Charakterisierung des Leckortes werden Kohärenzwerte zwischen hochfrequenten Mikrofonsignalen und RMS-Werte von Schallemissionssensoren angewendet. Die Methode ist sogar einsatzfähig, wenn die Leckortung auf der Basis von Laufzeit- oder Dämpfungsdifferenzen versagt. Die Methode wird prototypisch für einen russischen WWER-Druckwasserreaktor entwickelt. Die Anwendung neuronaler Netze ermöglicht eine Adaption der Leckortungsmethode an Druckanlagen unterschiedlicher Topologie.
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Contribution to proceedings
Preprint VDI/GVC Düsseldorf - Fachtagung Prozeß- und Anlagensicherheit, November 1994, S. 135 - 146
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1827
Investigations on a Boron Dilution Accident for a VVER-440 Type Reactor by the Help of the Code DYN3D
Grundmann, U.; Rohde, U.
Abstract
A reactivity initiated transient caused by entering a plug of water with reduced boron concentration into the core during incorrect loop startup in a VVER-440/W-213 reactor is analyzed . Due to the asymmetric distribution of the boron dilution, significant space-dependent effects are expected. That requires the use of a three-dimensional reactor core model. The analysis was carried out with the help of the code DYN3D/M2 developed for investigations on reactivity initiated accidents in thermal reactors with hexagonal fuel elements. A semi-analytical model adjusted to experimental data on coolant mixing in VVER-440 type reactors is used for the estimation of boron concentration distribution at core inlet. For comparisons, the two limiting cases, ideal mixing and no mixing, are investigated.
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Lecture (Conference)
Proc. ANS Topical Meeting on Advances in Reactor Physics: Reactor Physics Faces the 21st Century, Knoxville (Tennessee), 11. - 15. April 1994, Vol. 3, pp. 464 - 471 -
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. ANS Topical Meeting on Advances in Reactor Physics: Reactor Physics Faces the 21st Century, Knoxville (Tennessee), 11. - 15. April 1994, Vol. 3, pp. 464 - 471
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1826
Effective coupling of Re/Tc-MAG3 complexes with amines and nucleobases in aprotic solvents.
Kniess, T.; Noll, S.; Noll, B.; Spies, H.; Johannsen, B.
Abstract
The coupling of Re- and 99mTc-MAG3 complexes with amines and nucleobases was carried out with good yields using O-(benzotriazol-1-yl-)N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-
uronium-tetrafluoroborate (TBTU), and base in polar aprotic solvents (NMP, DMF, DMSO). The one step reaction followed by simple gel chromatography makes the method well appropriate for preparations at the low no-carrier-added level of technetium-99m.
Keywords: Re/Tc-MAG3; nucleobases; coupling; TBTU
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Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 240, No. 2 (1999), 657-660
DOI: 10.1007/BF02349428
Cited 3 times in Scopus
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1824
Synthesis and receptor binding of novel progestin-rhenium complexes
Wüst, F.; Skaddan, M. B.; Carlson, K. E.; Leibnitz, P.; Katzenellenbogen, J. A.; Spies, H.; Johannsen, B.
Abstract
A series of rhenium "n+1" mixed-ligand, thioether-carbonyl and organometallic complexes of 21-substituted progesterone have been synthesized. The conjugates contain the rhenium metal at several oxidation states, being +5, +3 and +1. The complexes were used in a competitive receptor-binding assay (rat-uterus, 0°C) to determine their binding to the progesterone receptor. The best affinity of 9% (RU 5020=100%) was obtained with a "3+1" mixed-ligand complex, containing a NMe group as the central donor atom in the tridentate ligand part.
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Book (Authorship)
Technetium, Rhenium and Other Metals in Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine (Edited by Nicolini M., Mazzi U.) SGE Editoriali Padova (1999) pp. 491-495
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1823
Tc(V) and Re(V) complexes with Mercaptoacetylglysine (MAG1
Noll, B.; Noll, S.; Leibnitz, P.; Jankowsky, R.; Spies, H.; Johannsen, B.
Abstract
Mercaptoacetyl glycine (MAG1) (1) forms, in the presence of appropriate monodentate ligands, tridentate/monodentate (3+1) coordinated complexes with Tc(V) and Re(V). Exchange of the chlorine by monodentate ligands in [MO(MAG1)Cl]- (2) gives access to new mixed-ligand complexes [MO(MAG1)(XR)] (3) . Some representatives have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, ir and uv spectroscopy and EXAFS. Thiobenzoate as monodentate ligand gives the complex (4) that, after debenzoylation, reacts with halogen containing compounds under displacement of the halogen by a [MO(SNO)S] moiety.
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Book (Authorship)
Technetium, Rhenium and Other Metals in Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine (Edited by Nicolini M., Mazzi U.) SGE Editoriali Padova (1999) pp. 241-244
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1822
Derivates of 6-methyl-8alpha-amino-ergoline: Sythesis and affinity to the dopamine D2 receptor
Spies, H.; Noll, B.; Noll, S.; Hilger, C. S.; Brust, P.; Syhre, R.; Johannsen, B.
Abstract
Organic derivatives (2) of 6-methyl-8alpha-amino-ergoline 1 and derived complexes of rhenium (3,5) and technetium (4) have been prepared and evaluated with regard to their affinity to the dopamine D2 receptor. The molecular structure of the rhenium complex 3 was determined. The affinity of the benzoyl derivative 2b is comparable with that of terguride (IC50 values 2.7 for 2b vs. 4.8 nMol), while the affinities of the related Tc and Re complexes are in the range from 54 to 165 nMol.
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Book (Authorship)
Technetium, Rhenium and Other Metals in Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine (Edited by Nicolini M., Mazzi U.) SGE Editoriali Padova (1999) pp. 237-240
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1821
Solution structure of technetium(V) and rhenium(V) peptide complexes as studied by EXAFS spectroscopy and capillary electrophoresis (CE)
Jankowsky, R.; Kirsch, S.; Spies, H.; Johannsen, B.
Abstract
Structural investigations on rhenium and technetium peptide complexes have been carried out using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) and capillary electrophoresis. Small cysteine containing peptides with altered amino acid sequences were used as model systems to study the metal complexation behaviour. By means of capillary electrophoresis, complex species existing over the pH range could be identified as well as protonable groups in these complexes. EXAFS measurements in solution delivered information about the complex coordination spheres. The metal complexation modes and complex stoichiometries of directly labelled metal complexes of large biologically active peptides could be elucidated.
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Book (Authorship)
Technetium, Rhenium and Other Metals in Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine (Edited by Nicolini M., Mazzi, U.) SGE Editoriali Padova (1999) pp.229-235
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1820
A novel method to investigate ion-beam-induced defect evolution in Si
Posselt, M.
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Invited lecture (Conferences)
5th International Symposium on Process Physics and Modeling in Semiconductor Device Manufacturing, 195th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Seattle, WA, USA, May 2-6, 1999 (invited lecture) -
Book (Authorship)
pp. 58-74 in: Process Physics and Modeling in Semiconductor Technology (Edited by C. S. Murthy, G. R. Srinivasan, S. T. Dunham), Proceedings Volume 99-1, The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1819
PET-Untersuchungen mit 18-F-FDG: Strahlenbelastung der MTAs beim Aufziehen der Spritzen
Wittmüß, A.; Schröder, H.; Beuthien-Baumann, B.; Linemann, H.; Burchert, W.
Abstract
Für eine gute Bildqualität bei gleichzeitig möglichst niedriger Strahlenbelastung für den Patienten ist es bei PET-Untersuchungen erforderlich, die Aktivität möglichst genau auf die Spritzen aufzuziehen. Dabei kommt es zu einer kaum vermeidbaren deutlichen Strahlenbelastung der Hände und insbesondere der Finger. Dies ist die Folge der nicht ganz einfachen Handhabung der Spritzen beim Füllen. Es ist fast unmöglich, die gewünschte Dosis - trotz Berechnung - beim ersten Mal genau aufzuziehen. Dadurch ist die Hand immer wieder in unmittelbarer Nähe der Aktivität, was letztlich die hohe Strahlenbelastung der Hand bedingt. Um diese Strahlenbelastung beim Abfüllen zu vermindern, sind neben den bereits bestehenden Strahlenschutzmaßnahmen, wie z. B. der Bleiburg mit Bleiglassichtfenster und dem mit Blei abgeschirmten Aufbewahrungsgefäß für das mit Aktivität gefüllte Vial, weitere hinzugekommen.
So werden bei größeren Mengen benötigter Aktivität (bei mehr als 3 Patienten) zwei Abfüllungen aus der Radiochemie angefordert, wobei die zweite Abfüllung erst dann in das Labor geholt wird, wenn die erste Abfüllung aufgebraucht ist. Weiterhin wird beim Aufziehen der Spritzen mit einer Zange, zum Halten der Spritze, sowie einer Pinzette, zum Halten und Fixieren der Kanüle, gearbeitet. Beide Maßnahmen dienen zur Vergrößerung des Abstandes von der Aktivität. Zur Registrierung der Strahlendosis wurde jeweils ein Fingerring pro Hand, eine Filmdosimeter und ein elektronisches Dosimeter getragen.
Es wird die mit den zusätzlichen Strahlenschutzmaßnahmen erreichte Verminderung der Strahlenbelastung der Hände vorgestellt, sowie die Bedeutung in Beziehung zur maximal zulässigen jährlichen Strahlendosis gewertet.
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Poster
37. Internationale Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin Ulm, 14.-17. April 1999 -
Abstract in refereed journal
Nuklearmedizin 38 (1999) A107
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1818
Tc(V) and Re(V) complexes of N-(MAG1)-Histamine
Hilger, C. S.; Noll, B.; Blume, F.; Leibnitz, O.; Johannsen, B.
Abstract
The synthesis of N-(MAG1)-histamine and the preparation of its Tc and Re complexes are reported. As proven by spectroscopic methods, HPLC investigations and by X-ray structure analysis, N-(MAG1)-histamine forms stable, neutral and square pyramidal 1:1 coordination compounds with MO3*-cores of Tc and Re. The preparation of the isostructural 99mTcO(V)-N-(MAG1)-histamine complex has been achieved with 80-95% radiochemical yield.
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Book (Authorship)
Technetium, Rhenium and Other Metals in Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine (Edited by NicoliniM., Mazzi U.) SGE Editoriali Padova (1999) pp. 221-224 -
Poster
36. Intern. Jahrestagung DGN, Leipzig, 01.-04.04.1998 -
Abstract in refereed journal
Nuklearmedizin 37 (1998) A53
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1816
Melanoma affine Tc-99m complexes of N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)benzamides.
Eisenhut, M.; Mohammed, A.; Mier, W.; Friebe, M.; Haberkorn, U.
Abstract
Objectives: In the past a series of I-123 labeled N-(dialkylaminoalkyl)benzamides have been successfully applied to image human melanoma metastases. This prompted the development of Tc-99m complexes which should mimic the biological characteristics of these benzamide derivates.
Methods: Four N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)benzamide derivatives have been synthesized comprising the following phenyl substituents for Tc-99m complexation: 4-(Bz-S-Ac-Gly-Gly-NH) 1, 3-(NH2)-4-(Bz-S-Ac-Gly-NH) 2, 3-(Bz-S-Ac-NH)-4-(Bz-S-Ac-NH) 3, and 4-HS 4. The Tc-99m complexes were obtained by treating ligands 1-3 at 100°C for 10 minutes with Tc-99m pertechnetate, tartaric acid and stannous chloride as a reducing agend. Complex 4 was formed accordingly in the presence of N-methyl-3-azapentan-1,5-dithiol at 50°C. Biodistribution time-course studies were performed using C57B1/6 mice with subcutaneous B16 murine melanoma.
Results: The highest melanoma uptake was obtained with complex 1(3.42 and 4.48 %ID/G at 1 and 6 hr pi, respectively). The melanoma affinity decreased in the order 1>>4>2>>3.The melanoma uptake corresponded proportional with the blood values. Thus bioavailability of the Tc-complexes in the blood seemed to control melanoma uptake. A similar dependency was observed with radioiodinated benzamides.
Conclusion: Among the compounds tested so far complex 1 proved to exhibit high melanoma affinity and deserves further investigations as a melanoma seeking radiopharmaceutical.
- The Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 40 (1999) 120-121
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1815
The Application of the Expert System XUMA in the State of Saxony
Ferse, W.
Abstract
In the last years contaminated sites have become a relevant problem in the Federal Republic of Germany because there exist a large number of these sites. That's why in Germany more intensive efforts are undertaken in order to start necessary remediations. Basic initial conditions for an effective execution of these works are on the one side a systematic registration of these sites and on the other side the creation of a uniform evaluation capability for the assessment of environmental hazards.
Regarding this background the Research Centre Rossendorf (FZR) together with Nuclear Engineering and Analytics, Inc. Rossendorf apply and modify the computer code system XUMA (German synonym for expert system on environmental hazards of contaminated sites) which is a joint project of the Institute for Applied Information Science of the Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Centre and the State Institute for Environmental Protection of Baden-Württemberg. XUMA is a knowledge based computer system, which shall support the staff of the responsible governmental offices in the uniform evaluation of the hazard potential, the preparation of analysis plans, and the assessment of contaminated sites and mines.
To enable the registration and evaluation of contaminated sites at engineering offices FZR developes an interface program which can be generated automatically from the knowledge base of the expert system XUMA. This interface program can be executed at each IBM-compatible PC without any additional runtime environment.
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Contribution to proceedings
Proceedings of 4th Workshop on Information Managem,ent in Nuclear Safety, Radiation Protection and Environmental Protection, GRS-105, Köln, January 1994
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1813
Irradiation Programme in the Rheinsberg VVER-2 Reactor to Evaluate the Susceptibility of Russian Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels against Neutron Embrittlement
Böhmert, J.; Viehrig, H.-W.
Abstract
An extensive irradiation programme was performed in the Rheinsberg VVER-2 reactor from 1984 to 1988. The programm comprised 25 different heats from base or weld metal of VVER-440- and 1000-type reactor pressure vessel steels using specimens of variant geometry (CT, COD, tension, Charpy-V). Mainly, it focused on validating of the safety assessment procedure and on determining of fracture mechanics parameters in their dependence of fluence and thermal annealing.
At present the investigation of the irradiated specimen is still outstanding. In the unirradiated state all VVER-type steels investigated show good toughness and strength properties and are comparable with A 533 class 1 and A 508 class 3 steels. The scattering between the different heats of same materials is partly large and does not correlate with the chemical composition or the heat treatment. The results of irradiated specimens up to now do not always confirm the values which are obtained on the base of the valid safety assessment procedure in a conserva- tive wise. That supports the urgency to extend the data base for irradiated VVER-type pressure vessel steels.
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Contribution to proceedings
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Stuttgart, 17. - 19. Mai 1994, Proc. pp. 388 - 391
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1809
Solarwärmeeinspeisung in ein Nahwärmenetz durch dachintegrierte Kollektorfelder und einen saisonalen Speicher
Nollau, M.
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Other report
Diplomarbeit Nr. 1542 Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Energietechnik 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1807
Entwurf eines solar unterstützten Nahwärmesystems in einer zu sanierenden Wohnsiedlung
Noack, M.
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Other report
Diplomarbeit Nr. 708 Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Thermodynamik und Technische Gebäudeausrüstung 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1806
Modellierung der axialen Gasgehaltsverteilung bei transienten Vorgängen in einer Zweiphasenströmung
Kern, T.
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Other report
Diplomarbeit Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Verfahrens- und Umwelttechnik, November 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1805
Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Photovoltaik-Generator-Kennlinienmeßgerätes
Ihle, T.
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Other report
Diplomarbeit Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Elektrotechnik, Nr. 22/94, 01.12. 94 - 31. 05. 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1804
Hydrogen Prototype of a Plasma Neutron Source
Gorbovsky, A. I.; et. al. (INP); Kumpf, H.; Noack, K.; Otto, G.; Krahl, S.; Robouch, V.
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Other report
Novosibirsk 1995, Budker INP 95-90
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1803
Experimentelle Realisierung einer freien Flüssigmetalloberfläche
Gerbeth, G.
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Other report
Machbarkeitsstudie / Abschlußbericht für DARA GmbH, September 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1802
Epitaxial aluminum carbide formation in 6H-SiC by high dose Al+ implantation
Stoemenos, J.; Pecz, B.; Heera, V.
Abstract
Aluminum carbide precipitates are formed after Al ion implantation with dose 3x1017 cm-2 at 500°C into single crystalline 6H SiC. The aluminum carbide (Al4C3) precipitates are in epitaxial relation with 6H-SiC matrix, having the following orientation relation, [0001]6H-SiC//[11-20]Al4C3 and [11-20]6H-SiC//[11-20]Al4C3 , as transmission electron microscopy reveals. The aluminum carbide appears around the maximum of the Al depth distribution. Si precipitates were also detected in the same zone.
Keywords: high dose implantation; silicon carbide; phase formation
- Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999) 2602
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1801
Unterstützung der ukrainischen Genehmigungs- und Aufsichtsbehörde bei der Einrichtung einer verbesserten betrieblichen Überwachung für das KKW Rovno (5. Realisierungsstufe)
Beyer, M.; Carl, H.; Kriks, J.
Abstract
In Analogie zum Pilotprojekt für den 5. Block vom KKW Saporoshje - WWER-1000/W-320 - wurde für die beiden WWER-440/W-213 Blöcke vom KKW Rovno eine verbesserte betriebliche Überwachung eingerichtet. Dazu werden dem Vor-Ort-Inspektor am KKW Standort und der Aufsichtsbehörde in Kiew einmal pro Minute 55 aktuelle sicherheitsrelevante Parameter pro Block und 7 standortspezifische Parameter zur Erfassung und Bewertung mittels moderner technischer Mittel on-line zur Verfügung gestellt. Die zur Ausstattung des Arbeitsplatzes des Vor-Ort-Inspektors unbedingt benötigten Ausrüstungen wurden unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Anforderungen des KKW Rovno spezifiziert, beschafft und der ukrainischen Seite unentgeltlich überlassen. Bei Funktionstests Ende 1998/Anfang 1999 wurden Datensätze aus dem lokalen Rechnernetz des KKW Rovno fehlerfrei nach Kiew übertragen und auf einem Rechner im Informations- und Krisenzentrum in Form von Tabellen, Grafiken und Schemata dargestellt.
Keywords: betriebliche Überwachung von Kernkraftwerken; KKW Saporoshje; KKW Rovno; WWER-1000/W-320; WWER-440/W-213
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Wissenschaftlich-Technische Berichte / Forschungszentrum Rossendorf; FZR-260 Mai 1999
ISSN: 1437-322X
Downloads
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1800
Unterstützung der ukrainischen Genehmigungsbehörde NARU beim Aufbau eines technischen Systems zur verbesserten betrieblichen Überwachung des KKW Saporoshje (4. Realisierungsstufe)
Beyer, M.; Carl, H.; Nowak, K.; Schumann, P.; Seidel, A.
Abstract
Das vor zwei Jahren im KKW Saporoshje in Betrieb genommene System zur verbesserten betrieblichen Überwachung wurde an die Kiewer Zentrale der ukrainischen Aufsichtsbehörde angeschlossen. Dazu wurden die für den Anschluß und die Ausstattung dieser Zentrale in der ersten Ausbaustufe unbedingt erforderlichen technischen Mittel einvernehmlich spezifiziert, in Deutschland beschafft, im notwendigen Umfang erprobt, in die Ukraine überführt und dem Partner am Einsatzort unentgeltlich überlassen. Bei der Erprobung des Informationstransfers aus dem KKW Saporoshje in die Kiewer Zentrale wurde nachgewiesen, daß die von der ukrainischen Behörde gemietete Standleitung die notwendigen technischen Anforderungen erfüllt. Bei Funktionstests Mitte Januar 1998 wurden On-line-Daten aus dem Saporoger System der verbesserten betrieblichen Überwachung fehlerfrei nach Kiew übertragen.
Ferner sind der ukrainischen Seite zum Anschluß des KKW Rovno an die Kiewer Zentrale die gleichen technischen Mittel zur Verfügung gestellt worden.
Keywords: betriebliche Überwachung; KKW Saporoshje; KKW Rovno; ukrainische Kernkraftwerke; Schutzziele; Kontrollaufgaben; Betriebssicherheit von Kernkraftwerken; WWER-1000/W-320
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Wissenschaftlich-Technische Berichte / Forschungszentrum Rossendorf; FZR-259 Mai 1999
ISSN: 1437-322X
Downloads
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1799
Einfluß von Orographie und Rauhigkeit auf das Windenergiepotential in ausgewählten Gebieten Sachsens
Freund, T.
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Other report
Diplomarbeit Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Maschinenwesen, Nr. 1549, 28.09.1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1798
Prozeß- und Anlagendiagnostik
Altstadt, E.; Carl, H.; Hessel, G.; Schmitt, W.; Schumann, P.; Weiß, F.-P.
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Lecture (Conference)
Ein Überblick über die Arbeiten des Institutes für Sicherheitsforschung, FZR, März 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1797
Void Fraction Measurements in Transient Bubble Columns by Needle-Shaped Conductivity Probes
Prasser, H.-M.; Schlenkrich, C.
Abstract
The presented work aimed at the experimental determination of rapidly changing void fraction distributions. The main idea was to apply arrays of needle shaped conductivity probes to a transient two-phase flow. The goal was to provide a time resolution in the range of tenth of a second. For a first application, a bubble column was investigated. The transient process was initiated by sudden changes of the flow rate of the injected gas (air). The experimental setup consisted in a vertical cylindrical column with an inner diameter of 0.24 m and a height of 2 m. In the bottom of the column a special injection plate was installed. About 200 steel cannulae served as injection nozzles. The injection nozzles were divided into two groups, which were fed from separate air distribution chambers. Both groups were equally distributed over the cross section of the column. This measure allowed to double or to halve the air flow rate without effecting the diameter of the generated bubbles, when the air supply of one of the distribution chambers is switched on and off. For the purpose of gas fraction measurement, 8 single wire probes were mounted on a movable probe comb. The diameter of the sensitive tip was 0.2 mm. The tran-sient void fraction distribution was measured on elevations of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 m. The transient process was initiated repeatedly by opening and closing the magnetic valve of the air supply system. After the changes, the air flow was kept constant for intervals of 10 s. The signals of the 8 void fraction probes were recorded and averaged over periods of 0.2 s for each realisation of the transient process. The data acquisition process was synchronised with the control of the magnetic valve. Afterwards, the obtained void fraction courses were superimposed. By repeating the transition process more than 400 times, an effective measuring time of at least 80 s for each void fraction value was achieved. The rapid change of the gas fraction pofiles and the gas fraction wave propagating through the column was measured.
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Lecture (Conference)
33rd European Two Phase Flow Group Meeting, Hertogenbosch, The Nederlands, 30 May - 02 June 1995 -
Contribution to proceedings
33rd European Two Phase Flow Group Meeting, Hertogenbosch, The Nederlands, 30 May - 02 June 1995, paper F2
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1795
Ligth scattering by different liquid surfaces
Kolevzon, V.; Gerbeth, G.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Lecture at: Fachtagung "Lasermethoden in der Strömungsmeßtechnik", Rostock, September 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1794
Fördermöglichkeiten für Energieprojekte in Sachsen
Maletti, R.
-
Lecture (Conference)
ILK-Symposium, Dresden, 12.01.1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1793
Comparative Study of a Boron Dilution Scenario in VVER Reactors
Ivanov, K.; Grundmann, U.; Mittag, S.; Rohde, U.
Abstract
Subsequent studies have identified many scenarios which can lead to reactivity excursions due to boron dilution. The comparative study, presented in this paper, deals with the so-called "restart of the first reactor coolant pump" scenario and its reactor-dynamic consequences for the both VVER reactor types - VVER-440 and VVER-1000.
The transient simulations have been performed using the three-dimensional core dynamics code DYN3D. The DYN3D modeling features, including recent developments, as well as the cross-section generation methodology, involved in these calculations, are described. The analyzed accident scenario is outlined together with the assumptions made. The results of core response in this boron dilution accident for both VVER reactors have been compared within ranges, determined by the two reactivity values of interest: the criticaly limit and the reactivity initiated accident (RIA) limit.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Specialist Meeting on Boron Dilution Reactivity Transients, State College, PA, USA, 18 - 20 October, 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1792
Comparsions of Different Options for Coupling DYN3D-ATHLET
Grundmann, U.; Rohde, U.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Meeting of AER Working Greoup D "VVER-Reactor Safety Analysis", VTT Energy, Espoo, Finland, 17 - 19 May, 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1791
DYN3D-Results of 3rd Kinetic Benchmark of AER
Grundmann, U.; Rohde, U.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Meeting of AER Working Group D "VVER-Reactor Safety Analysis", VTT Energy, Espoo, Finland, 17 - 19 May, 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1790
High-Temperature Deformation and Burst Behaviour of Zirconium-Niobium Cladding Tubes Compared to Zircaloy
Erbacher, F. J.; Böhmert, J.
-
Lecture (Conference)
11th ASTM Symposium on Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry, Garmisch-Patenkirchen, Sept. 11 - 14, 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1789
Neutral Particle Balance in GDT with Fast Titanium Coating of the First Wall
Baryansky, P. A.; Krahl, S.; Noack, K.; Bender, E. D.; Ivanov, A. A.; Karpushov, A. N.; Murahtin, S. V.; Shikhovtsev, I. V.
-
Lecture (Conference)
IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, July 1995, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Proceedings p. 200 -
Contribution to proceedings
IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, July 1995, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Proceedings p. 200
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1788
Energy balance and stability of GDT plasma under intense neural beam heating
Anikeev, A. V.; et. al.; Noack, K.; Kumpf, H.; Otto, G.; Krahl, S.
-
Poster
22nd EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Pysics, July 2 -7 1995, Bounemouth, UK, Proceedings Vol. 19C, Part IV, pp. 193-196 -
Contribution to proceedings
22nd EPS Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Pysics, July 2 -7 1995, Bounemouth, UK, Proceedings Vol. 19C, Part IV, pp. 193-196
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1787
Nutzung von Fluktuationssignalen und deren Auswertung mit Fuzzy-Logik / neuronalen Netzen zur Früherkennung von unerwünschten Betriebszuständen in chemischen Reaktoren
Weiß, F.-P.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Workshop "Reaktionsführung bei chemischen Synthesen in techn. Maßstab mit Unterstützung durch moderne Methoden elektronischer Datenverarbeitung", Bonn, 24.05.1995, Proc. S. 76 - 84
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1786
Anwendung der Verbundprobentechnik zur Mehrfachprüfung von Proben mit Charpy-Geometry
Viehrig, H.-W.; Böhmert, J.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Vortrags- und Diskussionstagung "Werkstoffprüfung '95", Bad Nauheim, Proc. S. 447 - 456
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1785
Rechnungen zum 1%-Leck an der Versuchsanlage PMK-2 mit dem Code ATHLET
Schäfer, F.; Krepper, E.
Abstract
Die ungarische Versuchsanlage PMK-2 ist ein im Volumenmaßstab 1:2070 skaliertes Modell einer Reaktoranlage vom Typ WWER-440. Das Experiment 1%-Leck im kalten Strang" ist die Wiederholung eines Experiments von 1990 mit erweiterter
Instrumentierung - insbesondere Nadelsonden aus dem FZ Rossendorf. Das Leck befindet sich am oberen Teil des Ringspalts und hat einen Durchmesser von 1 mm. Für das Experiment wird angenommen, daß zur Notkühlung nur das Hochdrucknotkühlsystem (HPIS) verfügbar ist. Im Forschungszentrum Rossendorf wurden Nachrechnungen zu dem vorgestellten Experiment mit dem Code ATHLET Mod1.1 Cycle A durchgeführt. Wie der Vergleich von Rechnung und Experiment zeigt, werden alle Phänomene des Experiments in der Rechnung gut wiedergegeben. Insbesondere konnten die beobachteten Instabilitäten im Naturumlauf sehr gut modelliert werden.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Proc. Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Nürnberg, 16. - 18. Mai 1995, S. 79 - 82 -
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Nürnberg, 16. - 18. Mai 1995, S. 79 - 82
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1783
Analysis of a Boron Dilution Accident for WWER-440 Combining the Use of the codes DYN3D and SiTAP
Rohde, U.; Elkin, I.; Kalinenko, V.
Abstract
The existence of Main Isolating Valves (MIV) in the hot leg and the cold leg of each primary circuit loop is a special feature of WWER440 type reactors. MIV's availability permits the disconnection of any loop during the work of all others, for example, in the case of leaks. The connection of a previous disconnected loop is a potential way for inducing a boron dilution accident, when infringements of rules and failure of technical systems occur. By combining the use of the codes SiTAP and DYN3D, more realistic boundary conditions were obtained than in previous investigations, were a plug of water with diluted boron concentration was supposed to travel through the core while keeping the other boundary conditions constant.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Nürnberg, 16. -18. Mai 1995, pp. 111 - 114 -
Contribution to proceedings
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Nürnberg, 16. -18. Mai 1995, pp. 111 - 114
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1782
Convective, Absolute and Global Instabilities of Thermocapillary-Buoyancy Driven Flows in a Horizontal Liquid Layer
Priede, J.; Gerbeth, G.
- Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Series II, Vol. 40, No. 12, 1995, pp. 1955 - 56
-
Lecture (Conference)
Lecture at: American Pysical Society, 48th Annual Meeting of the Division of Fluid Dynamics, Irvine, 20.11.1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1781
Solaranlagen in Sachsen: eine Zwischenbilanz
Maletti, R.
- Sonnenenergie und Wärmetechnik 1995, H. 5, S. 21
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1780
Energie-Förderung durch das Sächsische Staatsministerium für Wirschaft und Arbeit im Jahre 1994
Maletti, R.; Ulrich, M.
- Energieanwendung 44 (1995), H. 4, S. 50
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1779
105 Mio. DM Zuschüsse - Energie-Förderung durch das SMWA
Maletti, R.; Ulrich, M.
- IHK Wirtschaftsdienst 6 (1995), H. 6, S. 20
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1778
Post Test Calculations to 11% Break LOCA Experiments in the Integral Test Facility ISB-VVER Using the Thermalhydraulic Code ATHLET
Krepper, E.
Abstract
The considered test was a break on the upper plenum with different modes of emergency core cooling. The reference case was the non-availability of emergency cooling. Injecting the emergency coolant into the cold leg, no increasing of rod cladding temperatures was observed, but natural circulation instabilities occurred. Injecting the cooling into the hot leg, the cooling situation was getting worse. Due to the injected cold emergency coolant, the fluid density in the discharge volume was enhanced and the break mass flow increased. The observed events in the test were reproduced by the code with good agreement
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Nürnberg, 16. - 18. Mai 1995, pp. 83 - 87 -
Contribution to proceedings
Conference "Thermopysical Aspects of WWER-Type Reactor Safety", Obninsk, Russia, Nov. 1995, Proc. Vol. 2, pp. 150 - 154
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1777
Supramolekulare Rezeptoren zur Anionen- und Kationenerkennung
Stephan, H.
Abstract
Die Entwicklung supramolekularer Rezeptoren zur selektiven Komplexbildung von Anionen, Kationen und Neutralmolekülen ist von großem Interesse im Hinblick auf Anwendungen in der Analytik, Medizin und Technik. Die besondere Rolle der supramolekularen Chemie resultiert dabei aus der grundlegenden Überlegung, in biologischen Systemen genutzte Wirksysteme einer hochselektiven Erkennung und Bindung von Spezies sowie ihres Transportes mit Hilfe komplexer organisierter molekularer Funktionseinheiten auf die Lösung praxisrelevanter Probleme zu übertragen.
Möglichkeiten der selektiven Bindung und des Phasentransfers werden am Beispiel von ditopen Guanidiniumverbindungen für Oxoanionen sowie makrobi- bzw. -tricyclischer Carbonsäuren für Erdalkali-Ionen diskutiert.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Institutskolloquium, FZ Karlsruhe/INE, 20. 05. 1999
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1776
Comparsion of Rod-Ejection Transient Calculations in Hexagonal-Z Geometry
Knigth, M. P.; Brohan, P.; Grundmann, U.; Rohde, U.; Finnemann, H.; Hüsken, H.
Abstract
This Paper proposes a set of 3-dimensional benchmark rod ejection problems for a VVER reactor, based on the wellknown NEACRP PWR rod-ejection problems defined by Siemens/KWU. Predictions for these benchmarks deriving using three hexagonal-z nodal transient codes, the PANTER code of Nuclear Electric, the HEXTIME code of Siemens/KWU and the DYN3D code of FZ-Rossendorf are presented and compared.
-
Lecture (Conference)
International Conference on Mathematics and Computations, Reactor Physics and Environment Analysis, Portland, Oregon/USA, April 30 - May 5, 1995, Proc. Vol. 2, pp. 1248 - 1258 -
Contribution to proceedings
International Conference on Mathematics and Computations, Reactor Physics and Environment Analysis, Portland, Oregon/USA, April 30 - May 5, 1995, Proc. Vol. 2, pp. 1248 - 1258
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1775
Calculation of Neutron Noise Due to Control Rod Vibrations Using Nodal Methods for Hexagonal-Z-Geometry
Hollstein, F.; Meyer, K.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. Specialists Meeting on Reactor Noise, SMORN VII, Avignon, France, 19 - 23 June, 1995, Vol. 2, 12.1
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1774
Acoustic Leak Monitoring Using Neural Networks
Hessel, G.; Schmitt, W.; Weiß, F.-P.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. Annual Meeting on Nuclear Technology '95, Nürnberg, May 16 - 18 1995, pp. 231 - 234
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1773
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE THIRD THREEDIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC AER BENCHMARK PROBLEM WITH THE HELP OF THE CODE DYN3D
Grundmann, U.; Rohde, U.
Abstract
The paper presented concerns a comparative analysis of the third threedimensional dynamic benchmark of AER by using different options of the DYN3D code developed in the RC Rossendorf. The benchmark was defined as a control rod ejection accident in a VVER440 core without reactor scram including the whole core thermal hydraulics. For the basic analysis with the help of DYN3D, some modifications of the code were made to meet the specifications of the benchmark (thermal properties of fuel and cladding, heat transfer in the gas gap, DNBRcorrelation, hydrau lic model) as close as possible (case A). An additional analysis was carried out by using the standard version of DYN3D without any modifications. The conditions of the benchmark were approa ched only via input data (case B). In the first part of the paper, a description of the thermohy draulic model of DYN3D is given. Specific aspects concerning the modelling of the benchmark conditions are outlined. In the second part, a c!
omparative analysis of the results obtained by different DYN3D options is given. In addition to the demonstration of the applicability of the DYN3D code for solving the problem without any modifications, the goal of the investigations was to get a feeling for the sensitivity of the results with respect to ther mohydraulic modelling. The global parameters like reactivity, nuclear power, power to coolant and total mass flow rate were obtained with good agreement between the cases A and B. However, differences occur in detailled parameters, especially for the hot channel, where heat transfer crisis occurs.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Fifth Symposium of AER, Dobogokö, Hungary, 15 - 19 October, 1995, Proc. pp. 329 - 343 -
Contribution to proceedings
Fifth Symposium of AER, Dobogokö, Hungary, 15 - 19 October, 1995, Proc. pp. 329 - 343
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1772
Coupling the Advanced Thermohydraulic Code ATHLET with the 3D-Core Model DYN3D
Grundmann, U.; Lucas, D.; Rohde, U.
Abstract
The coupling of advanced thermohydraulic codes with 3-dimensional neutron kinetic codes corresponds to the effort to replace conservative estimations by best estimate calculations. In the past advanced thermohydraulic codes and detailed core models were devoloped in most cases separatly. But it is often nesessary to consider the feedback between the coolant circuits and space dependent neutron kinetics. Examples for such cases are boron dilution accidents or inadverdant connection of a loop filled with cold water.
ATHLET is an advanced thermohydraulic code, developed by the German Gesellschaft fr Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS). Up to now only point kinetics and 1-dimensional neutron kinetics have been included. The DYN3D code, developed in the Research Centre Rossendorf (FZR) for the improvement of the simulation of reactivity initiated accidents in VVER-type reactors comprises 3- dimensional neutron kinetics, models for the thermohydraulics of the core including heat transfer from the fuel to the coolant, a fuel rod behavior model and a mixing model for the lower plenum.
-
Contribution to proceedings
International Topical Meeting on VVER Safety, Prague, September 21 - 23, 1995, Proc. pp. 197 - 200 -
Poster
Internat Topical Meeting on VVER Safety, Prague, September 21 -23, 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1771
ASAXS-Investigations of Irradiation - Induced Precipitates in VVER-440-Type Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel with High Cu Content
Große, M.; Böhmert, J.; Brauer, G.; Eichhorn, F.
-
Contribution to external collection
HASYLAB-Jahresbericht 1994, Hamburg, Januar 1995, S. 535
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1770
Experimental Investigation of Accidental Thermohydraulic Processes under Circuit Depressurization at ISB-VVER Safety Integral Test Facility
Gaschenko, M. P.; Prasser, H.-M.; Zippe, W.; et. al.
Abstract
The paper presents the results of small-break loss-of-coolant tests carried out at the test facility ISB-VVER located in Elektrogorsk, Russia. Presently, it is the only operating integral model of the Sovjet type VVER-1000 reactor suitable for thermalhydraulic investigations. A small leak in the upper plenum of the reactor vessel was chosen for the test scenario. Different emergency core cooling (ECC) injection modes were applied and compared. It was show that the best results of ECC injection are obtained by a combined injection into both hot and cold leg. It is possible to maintain a reliable core cooling even without an injection by the safety injection tanks, which were assumed to be not available. The tests provided data suitable for code verification. Applied needle shaped void fraction probes delivered detailed information about the two-phase flow in the primary circuit.
-
Contribution to proceedings
International Symposium on Two-Phase Flow Modelling and Experimentation, Rom, Italy, October 09 - 11, 1995, p. 537 -
Lecture (Conference)
International Symposium on Two-Phase Flow Modelling and Experimentation, Rom, Italy, October 09 - 11, 1995
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1769
Detection of Irradiation-Inducted Microstructures Changes of VVER-Type RPV Steel by Small Angle Scattering Methods
Böhmert, J.; Große, M.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. International Topical Meeting on VVER-Safety, Prague, Sept. 1995, Session III, paper 7
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1768
Aufbau eines technischen Systems zur Verbesserung der betrieblichen Überwachung des KKW Saporoshje durch die staatliche Aufsichtsbehörde der Ukraine (in Russisch)
Beyer, M.; Carl, H.; Langer, L.; Nowak, K.; Seidel, A.; Schumann, P.; Tolksdorf, P.; Zschau, J.
Abstract
Es wird die Struktur eines technischen Computersystems zur betrieblichen Überwachung der Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheit ukrainischer KKW durch die staatlichen Aufsichtsbehörden beschrieben. Nach Auffassung der Autoren führt der Aufbau eines solchen Überwachungssystems, unabhängig von den Kontrollsystemen des Betreibers, zu einer schnellen, signifikanten und kostengünstigen Sicherheitserhöhung beim Betrieb der Reaktoranlagen vom Typ WWER-1000.
- Atomnaja Technika sa Rubeshom, Heft 3 (1995), S.3
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1767
Ultraschallverfahren zur Messung des duktilen Rißfortschritts bei quasistatischer Dreipunktbiegung
Bergmann, U.; Böhmert, J.; Bergner, F.
Abstract
Es wird ein Ultraschall-Laufzeit-Bewegungsverfahren vorgestellt, mit dem der duktile Rißfortschritt in 3-Punkt-Biegeproben kleiner Abmessungen gemessen werden kann. Das Verfahren erfüllt die Genauigkeitsanforderungen nach DIN 54120 und arbeitet quasikontinuierlich.
-
Contribution to external collection
27. Vortragsveranstaltung des DVM-Arbeitskreises Bruchvorgänge, Köln, 14. - 15. Februar 1995, Proc. S. 177
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1766
Punktquelle-Punktempfänger-Modell zur Rißfortschrittsmessung mit Ultraschall
Bergner, F.; Bergmann, U.
-
Contribution to proceedings
DVM Arbeitsgemeinschaft Werkstoffe, Tagung "Werkstoffprüfung", Bad Nauheim, 5. - 6. Dezember 1995, Proc. S. 419
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1765
Development of potential tumour imaging agents by 4-[18F]
Mäding, P.; Scheunemann, M.; Steinbach, J.; Bergmann, R.; Iterbeke, K.; Tourwe, D.; Johannsen, B.
Abstract
The 4-[18F]fluorobenzoyl compounds of Neurotensin(8-13) (NT(8-13)) as well as [Arg8pseudo(CH2NH)Arg9]NT(8-13) were obtained by reaction of N-succinimidyl 4-[18F]fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB) with these peptides in aqueous buffered solutions at pH 8.3 in r.c.y. of up to 43 % (related to [18F]SFB; decay-corrected) within 80 min (including HPLC purification). This is the first example for the specific radiolabelling of the alpha-amino group at the N-terminal arginine unit of peptides using [18F]SFB.
Keywords: Neurotensin(8-13); 18F-labelling; [18F]SFB; neurotensin receptor; pseudopeptide
-
Lecture (Conference)
8th Conference of Central European Division of International Isotope Society, Bad Soden, 10.-11.6.1999 -
Abstract in refereed journal
J. Labelled Compd. Radiopharm. 42 (1999) 987-1022
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1764
Bestimmung eines repräsentativen Wertes aus einer Folge von Meßwerten
Schuhmann, P.
-
Other report
Fachbericht FWSF 02/96, August 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1763
Spezifikation und Struktur der Altlastenbewertung mit dem Programmsystem XUMA-GEFA
Ferse, W.; Geiger, W.; Reitz, T.; u. a.
-
Other report
Bericht Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Institut für Sicherheisforschung, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1761
ECON - Ein System zur Lastmodellierung
Ferse, W.; Kruber, S.
-
Other report
Bericht Forschungszentrum Rossendorf, Institut für Sicherheitsforschung, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1760
Herstellung und Prüfung von Charpy-V-Verbundproben
Viehrig, H.-W.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Jahressitzung 1996 der DVM-Arbeitsgruppe "Instrumentierter Kerbschlagbiegeversuch", Merseburg, 13.09. 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1759
Determination of Fracture Mechanical Values Using Charpy Size SENB Specimes and Correlation with Charpy-V Impact Test Results
Viehrig, H.-W.; Böhmert, J.; Richter, H.
-
Lecture (Conference)
AMES TG1C Workshop on Property-Property Correlation, Petten, 1 - 2 Oct. 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1758
Dampfgehaltsmessungen bei der Druckentlastung von Ethanol
Prasser, H.-M.; Steinkamp, H.; Wehmeier, G.
Abstract
Bei Druckentlastungsexperimenten mit Ethanol an einem Versuchsreaktor von 105 l Volumeninhalt der Hoechst AG wurden nadelförmige Leitfähigkeitssonden zur Messung von Dampfgehalt, Gasgeschwindigkeit und Blasengröße eingesetzt. Es wurden insgesamt 5 Sonden im oberen Bereich des Reaktors auf verschiedenen Höhenmarken eingebaut. Hiervon dienten 4 Einpunktsonden ausschließlich der Dampfgehaltsmessung. Die Spitze der Sonde steht in Kontakt mit der elektrisch leitenden Flüssigkeit. Durch Versorgung mit einer kleinen Gleichspannung wird ein Strom hervorgerufen, der unterbrochen wird, wenn die Sondenspitze sich in einer Dampfblase befindet. Der Gasgehalt des zweiphasigen Gemisches wird aus der Integration der Kontaktzeit mit der Gasphase bezogen auf die gesamte Meßzeit berechnet. Bei einer weiteren Sonde handelte es sich um eine Zweipunktsonde, die zusätzlich die Bestimmung der Geschwindigkeit der Dampfblasen erlaubt. Dies geschieht durch Auswertung der Zeit, die zwischen dem Eintreffen der Blasen an deren vorderer Elektrode und dem Umschließen der hinteren Elektrode verstreicht. Mit dem bekannten axialen Abstand der zwei Elektroden wird hieraus die Geschwindigkeit berechnet. Durch Kombination der Geschwindigkeitsinformation mit der Dauer des Blasenkontakts wurden Blasengrößen bestimmt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß Leitfähigkeitssonden trotz des geringen elektrischen Leitwerts von Ethanol benutzt werden können. Es wurden insgesamt 4 Versuche mit einem Anfangsdruck von maximal 0,98 MPa durchgeführt. Bei der Druckentlastung kam es zum Aufsieden des Behälterinhalts und zum Auftreten eines Zweiphasengemischs. Durch das Anwachsen des Dampfgehalts an der Entlastungsöffnung kommt es zur Beschleunigung des Druckabbaus, woraufhin der Dampfgehalt an den Sondenpositionen zunimmt. Die Sonden registrieren schließlich infolge der Verringerung des Behälterinhalts nacheinander den Durchgang Gemischspiegels. Mit Hilfe der Zweipunktsonde wurden Blasengrößen bestimmt. Durch den zufälligen Charakter der Berührung Blase - Sonde werden Sehnenlängen der Blasen und damit deren Größe bestimmt. Die Meßwerte lassen den Schluß zu, daß eine heterogene Blasenströmung mit einem hohen Anteil von Großblasen vorgelegen hat. Mit dem eindimensionalen Rechenmodell BLDN konnten nach Implementierung eines Stoffdatensatzes für Ethanol die gemessenen Gasgehaltsverläufe gut reproduziert werden.
-
Lecture (Conference)
42. Sitzung des DECHEMA/GVC-Arbeitsausschusses "Sicherheitsgerechtes Auslegen von Chemieapparaten", Rossendorf, 15. - 16.10. 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1757
BLDN - Modell zur Berechnung der axialen Dampfgehaltsverteilung bei der Druckentlastung
Prasser, H.-M.
Abstract
Das Programm BLDN (BLow-DowN) basiert auf einem eindimensionalen Strömungsmodell zur Beschreibung der axialen Dampfgehaltsverteilung in einem stehenden zylindrischen Druckbehälter bei einem Abblasevorgang unter Beschränkung auf eine Komponente. Zur Beschreibung der axialen Dampfgehaltsverteilung werden für Dampf und Flüssigkeit die gemeinsamen Massen- und Energieerhaltungsgleichungen gelöst. Es wird von thermodynamischem Gleichgewicht ausgegangen. Die zum Abschluß des Systems notwendige Phasendriftbeziehung wird in Form einer Phasendifferenzgeschwindigkeit als Funktion vom Dampfgehalt und den Stoffwerten verwendet. Mit Hilfe dieser Beziehung werden die Geschwindigkeiten beider Phasen gekoppelt. Der Impuls des Strömungsmediums wird vernachlässigt. Die Impulsgleichungen bleiben deshalb unberücksichtigt. Im Druckgefäß wird lediglich ein hydrostatisches Druckprofil berechnet, mit dessen Hilfe die Meßwerte von Differenzdruckgebern simuliert werden können. Die Anwendbarkeit des Modells ist wegen der fehlenden Impulsgleichungen auf kleine Lecks beschränkt. Der trägheitsbedingte Druckimpuls, der auf die Differenzdruckgeber in den ersten Zehntelsekunden des Aufsiedens wirkt, wird nicht nachgebildet. Die Verbindung zwischen Leckmassenstrom und Druckabfallgeschwindigkeit wird durch integrale Massen- und Energiebilanzen hergestellt, die über den gesamten Behälter gebildet werden. Je nach Option wird der Druckabfall aus dem Leckmassenstrom (BLDN) oder umgekehrt (BLDN_PV) berechnet. Der Wärmestrom, der von den Behälterwänden infolge des Absinkens der Fluidtemperatur während des Druckentlastungsvorgangs ausgeht, wird mit einer Wärmeübergangszahl für gesättigtes Sieden berechnet. Die momentane Temperatur an der Behälterinnenwand wird durch analytische Lösung der Wärmeleitungsgleichung in der Wand bestimmt. Der Verlauf des Massenhöhenstands (collapsed level) wird durch Integration des Leckmassenstroms bestimmt. Der Gemischspiegel wird unter Vorgabe des jeweiligen Massenhöhenstands aus der axialen Dampfgehaltsverteilung ermittelt. Bei der Berechnung des Dampfgehalts am Leckort wird die Lage des Gemischspiegels und die Höhe der Sprudelschicht (Schaumzone) berücksichtigt. Letztere bildet sich am Übergang von der Blasenströmung zum Dampfraum heraus.
-
Lecture (Conference)
42. Sitzung des DECHEMA/GVC-Arbeitsausschusses "Sicherheitsgerechtes Auslegen von Chemieapparaten", Rossendorf, 15. - 16.10. 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1756
Diskusion eines Kriteriensystems zur Bewertung der Ansiedlung von Industrie in urbanen Gebieten
Polte, A.
-
Lecture (Conference)
KOVERS-Seminar, ETH Zürich, 28. November 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1755
Beiträge zur Einführung der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie bei der Schwerionen-Tumortherapie
Hinz, R.
Abstract
- In critical situations when the beam has to pass very heterogeneous structures and radiosensitive organs are situated in the direction of the beam behind the Bragg peak, a monoenergetic low dose beam pulse can be applied to the patient. The range of the particles can be derived from the simultaneous PET scan, so that the correct range calculation of the treatment plan is ensured before the therapeutical irradiations are started.
- During each fraction of the heavy ion therapy the ß+-activity distributions are measured routinely. Based on the time course of every individual therapy fraction the expected ß+-emitter distribution is computed. By comparing the simulated with the measured data the precision of the dose deposition of this single therapy fraction is assessed. If a considerable disagreement between these two distributions is revealed by this comparison the treatment plan has to be modified before proceeding with the following therapy fraction.
Keywords: PET; Schwerionen-Therapie; bildgebende Verfahren
-
Other report
Dissertation TU Dresden, Fakultät Elektrotechnik -
Wissenschaftlich-Technische Berichte / Forschungszentrum Rossendorf; FZR-286 Februar 2000
ISSN: 1437-322X
Downloads
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1754
Analytical Model to Calculate the Transfer Functions of Neutron Noise coused by Random Pendulum Motions of a VVER-440 Control Element
Meyer, K.; Hollstein, F.
-
Lecture (Conference)
IMORN-26, Piestany, May 27 - 29, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1753
3D Neutronic Codes coupled with Thermal-hydraulic System Codes for PWR, BWR and VVER reactors
Langenbuch, S.; Lizorkin, M.; Rohde, U.; Velkov, K.
-
Lecture (Conference)
OECD/CSNI Workshop on Transient Themal-Hydraulics and Neutronic codes Requirements, Annapolis, Md (USA), November 5 - 8, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1752
Die Praxis-Anwendung der Entscheidungsanalyse für die Bewertung und Auswahl optimaler Sanierungskonzepte
Kruber, S.
-
Lecture (Conference)
KOVERS-Seminar, ETH Zürich, 28. September 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1751
Identifikation und diagnostische Überwachung von Zweiphasenströmungen in Rohleitungen
Kossok, N.; Prasser, H.-M.; Schütz, P.
Abstract
Die Analyse von Ultraschall-Transmissionssignalen zeigte, daß eine laufende Identifikation des Stromungszustandes in Rohrleitungen durch einen Aufbau von Relationen zwischen den physikalischen Parametern einer Zweiphasenströmung und den charakteristischen Mustern gemessener Signale möglich ist. Auf dieser Grundlage werden Ergebnisse eines Systems, welches aus einer Ultraschall-Meßeinheit, einer Datenbankeinheit und einer Mustererkennungseinheit besteht, vorgestellt. Dieses System liefert am Ausgang vier Parameter: einen Identifikator fur die Strömungsform, die separaten Volumenströme der flüssigen und der gasformigen Phase und den abgeleiteten Gasgehalt. Der Parametersatz dient als einer von mehreren Eingabensätzen fur das übergeordnete Überwachungs- oder Diagnosesystem. Die mit diesem System erzielten Erkennungsraten liegen zwischen 87 % und 94%.
-
Lecture (Conference)
IV. Kolloquium "Technische Diagnostik", Dresden, 15. 03. 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1750
Entspannungsverdampfung während der Druckentlastung von Co2 aus dem überkritischen Anfangszustand
Gebbeken, B.; Eggers, R.; Prasser, H.-M.
Abstract
Druckentlastungsexperimente der TU Hamburg/Harburg von überkritischem CO2 aus einem Druckbehälter werden vorgestellt. Dabei wurden mit einer Gamma-Durchstrahlung axiale Dampfgehaltsprofile im System CO2-flüssig und CO2-gasförmig sowie Druck- und Temperaturverläufe gemessen. Die Experimente, insbesondere die lokalen Gasgehalte, können durch das Programm BLDN des FZR mit Erfolg nachgerechnet werden, wobei verschiedene Driftansätze auf ihre Anwendbarkeit auf CO2 hin überprüft wurden.
-
Lecture (Conference)
GVC-Fachausschuß Mehrphasenströmungen, Vortrag 2.27, Lahnstein, 06. - 08. März 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1749
Experiments on thermocapillary migration of drops in a drop tower
Galindo, V.; Teuner, M.; Gerbeth, G.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Escuela de Fisico-Quimica de Fluidos: Drops, bubbles and film, Santander, September 9 - 13, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1748
Die Anwendung der Entscheidungsanalyse zur Unterstützung öffentlicher Entscheidungen
Ferse, W.
-
Lecture (Conference)
KOVERS-Seminar, ETH Zürich, 28. November 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1747
Die Struktur des wissensbasierten Systems XUMA-GEFA
Ferse, W.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Seminar der Anwenderländer des Baden-Württemberger Altlastenbewertungssystems, Bad Schandau, August 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1746
SANS Investigations of the Irradiation-Caused Structural Damages in VVER-440-Type Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels
Böhmert, J.; Große, M.; Nitzsche, P.
Abstract
Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments were performed at KWS2 facility of the KFA Jülich for investigating the defect structures, which are produced by neutron irradiation in Russian Cr-Mo-V alloyed reactor pressure vessel steel. Irradiation and post-irradiation annealing considerably change both SANS intensity and its course in the Guinier plot, which was analysed by the Glatter method. As a rule, bimodal size distribution functions were found with a first maximum at a radius of 1-2 nm and a second maximum at 6-8 nm. Irradiation increases the first maximum annealing reduces it.
-
Lecture (Conference)
1st European Conference on Neutron Scattering, Interlaken (Switzerland), Oct. 1996
DOI: 10.1016/S0921-4526(96)01240-9
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1745
Second Experimental studies on diefferent phenomena at freee metal surface
Bojarevics, A.; Gelfgat, Y.; Gerbeth, G.; Cramer, A.
-
Lecture (Conference)
European Symposium Fluids in Space, Neapel, April 22 - 26, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1744
A novel experimental technique to study different phenomena at a free liquid metal surface
Bojarevics, A.; Gelfgat, Y.; Gerbeth, G.
-
Lecture (Conference)
The 125th TMS meeting, Experimental methods in Microgravity, Anaheim (USA), February 4 - 8, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1743
Ein FE-Schwingungsmodell zur Unterstützung der Diagnose von Reaktoren des Typs WWER
Altstadt, E.; Grunwald, G.; Weiß, F.-P.
-
Lecture (Conference)
IV. Kolloquium "Technische Diagnostik", Dresden, 15. März 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1742
Sichere Bewertung des Materialzustandes in Altanlagen durch Probenkonstitution
Viehrig, H.-W.; Böhmert, J.
-
Lecture (Conference)
INNOMATA 1996, 2. Ausstellungstagung für Materialtechnologie und Werkstoffanwendung, Dresden, Mai 1996, Comp. S. 323 -
Contribution to proceedings
INNOMATA 1996, 2. Ausstellungstagung für Materialtechnologie und Werkstoffanwendung, Dresden, Mai 1996, Comp. S. 323
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1741
Proposed Post Service Investigation on Decommissioned Greifswald Units
Valo, M.; Böhmert, J.; von Estorff, U.; Törrönen, K.
Abstract
The first four Greifswald reactor units belong to the WWER 440/230 reactor family and they are the only ones permanently shut-down. The status of the WWER 440 units as concerns the plant specific material data is shortly described in the paper. The lack of material data is a real problem of the 230 model reactors and the high lead factor in the surveillance irradiations of the more modern 213 units is an essential uncertainty in the safety assessment of the units. In addition most aof the 230 units have been and some of the 213 units will be annealed. Greifswald units are fully representative WWER 440 units and they represent irradiated, irradiated-annealed and irradiated-annealed-reirradiated material conditions. In this paper a basic material research programme is proposed, which can greatly support the operating WWER units.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Proc. of the CSNI/CEC Workshop on Aged and Decommissioned Material Collection and Testing for Structural Integrity Purposes, Mol (Belgium), June 1995, OECD/GD !1996) 10, pp. 131 - 146 -
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. of the CSNI/CEC Workshop on Aged and Decommissioned Material Collection and Testing for Structural Integrity Purposes, Mol (Belgium), June 1995, OECD/GD !1996) 10, pp. 131 - 146
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1740
A numerical 3d stability analysis of the MHD cylinder wake flow
Shatrov, V.; Mutschke, G.; Gerbeth, G.
Abstract
In the present paper the stability of the time-dependent, three-dimensional, incompressible flow around a circular cylinder exposed to an external magnetic field is investigated numerically. We perform a linear 3d stability analysis of the 2d flow being either steady or quasiperiodic as known from previous work. By monitoring the time evolution of the integral energy of the 3d disturbances in the computational domain we decide whether the flow is globally unstable or stable. The results are compared and validated with recent results for the purely hydrodynamic problem. We restrict the analysis to a magnetic field being aligned with the oncoming flow. For this case we numerically confirm the general result of Hunt that in the (Re, N)-plane parameter regions above the 2d-neutral stability curve exist where the flow is 3d-unstable but 2d stable (steady) because the magnetic field acts in a different way on 2d and 3d instabilities.
-
Contribution to proceedings
8th Beer-Sheva International Seminar on MHD flows and turbulence, Jerusalem, February 25 - 29, 1996, to appear in: Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Ed.: Branover, H; Unger, Y; Washington
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1739
On the role of thermal boundary conditions in the instability of thermocapillary driven low-Prandtl-number convection
Priede, J.; Gerbeth, G.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. of the Second European Symposium Fluids in Space, Neapel, April 22 - 26, 1996, pp. 508 - 511
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1738
Spektrale Simulation in einer Blasensäule
Prasser, H.-M.; Thess, A.
Abstract
Die Beschreibung der Strömungsfelder in Blasensäulen ist Grundlage für die Bestimmung der Stoff und Wärmetransportvorgänge. Dabei steht die Untersuchung der instationären Zirkulationsbewegung der flüssigen Phase im Mittelpunkt, die mit Hilfe spektraler Verfahren berechnet wird. Das Modell wird für ein zweidimensionales rechteckiges Gebiet in kartesischen Koordinaten (Strömungsbox) aufgestellt. Hierbei wird die nichtlineare Wirbeltransportgleichung durch den spektralen Ansatz für free-slip Randbedingungen gelöst, der die Wirbeltransportgleichung in ein System von gekoppelten, nichtlinearen gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungen umwandelt, die die zeitliche Entwicklung der Fourier-Koeffizienten an,m(t) und damit die Evolution der einzelnen Wirbelmoden beschreiben. Die nichtlinearen Terme werden durch explizite Berechnung der Konvolutionssummen gemäß dem traditionellen Galerkin-Verfahren ermittelt. Für die diskrete Phase wird angenommen, daß das Gas durch eine bestimmte Anzahl von Düsen im Boden der Säule eingespeist wird. Es werden Blasen mit konstantem Durchmesser angenommen, die diskret modelliert werden, d.h. ihre momentanen Koordinaten werden durch Partikeltracking ermittelt. Die Momentangeschwindigkeit einer Blase ergibt sich aus der Vektorsumme der Geschwindigkeit der Flüssigkeit am Ort der Blase und der Relativgeschwindigkeit der Blase als Folge des lokalen Druckgradienten. Die Blasenkoaleszenz wird nicht berücksichtigt. Die Blasen verlassen das Strömungsgebiet bei Erreichen des oberen Randes. Es wird angenommen, daß jede einzelne Blase eine Kraftwirkung auf die Flüssigkeit verursacht, die in der Wirbeltransportgleichung im Volumenkraftterm berücksichtigt wird. Hierbei wird näherungsweise eine Dirac-Funktion angenommen, deren Stärke der Auftriebskraft entspricht. Die Kraftwirkungen aller Blasen im Strömungsgebiet werden addiert. Rechenergebnisse für eine rechteckige Strömungsbox mit Gaseinspeiusung über eine oder mehrere im Boden angeordnete Kanülen zeigen die Anregung von Wirbeln, die zu einer Deformation der Blasentrajektorie führen. Dabei treten typische typische instationäre Zirkulationszellen auf. Wichtig ist, daß die spektralen Verfahren auch bei Begrenzung auf wenige Moden in der prinzipiell Lage sind, großräumige Zirkulationszellen in der Blasensäule zu beschreiben. Klassische Verfahren erfordern demgegenüber stets eine feine räumliche Nodalisierung. Hieraus folgt, daß mit spektralen Verfahren grundlegende Erkenntnisse bei Anwendung von Wenigmodenmodellen mit geringem Rechenaufwand erzielt werden können.
-
Contribution to proceedings
DECHEMA-Jahrestagung '96, Wiesbaden, 21. - 23. Mai 1996, Band II, S. 308 - 309 -
Lecture (Conference)
DECHEMA-Jahrestagung '96, Wiesbaden, 21. - 23. Mai 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1737
Experiences with the parallel version of MCNP-4A on a SUN workstation network and on the CONVEX SPP-1000system
Noack, K.; Rogov, A. D.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Proc. of the International Conference on Computation Modelling and Computing in Physics, Dubna, Russia, Sept. 16 - 21, 1996, p. 52 -
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. of the International Conference on Computation Modelling and Computing in Physics, Dubna, Russia, Sept. 16 - 21, 1996, p. 52
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1736
Burnup and Rod Worth Calculations for Paks-2 Using the Code DYN3D with two Different Group Data Libraries
Mittag, S.
Abstract
The AER benchmark problem defined by L. Korpas et al. for the calculation of VVER440 control rod worth was solved by using the code DYN3D in 1994. The KAB MAGRU library, generated by the NESSEL code was used then as a source of macroscopic group data. Now DYN3D calculations have been repeated with a new group data library created in EGP Prague by the KASSETA code. Burnup calculations have been carried out for the cycles 4 to 7 of Paks2 NPP. The critical boron concentrations as a function of time, calculated with both data libraries, were compared to the values measured in the progress of the cycles. The results are in good agreement. The comparison of the fuelelement averaged burnup values after calculating 4 full cycles shows a maximum deviation of about 2 percent between the two data libraries. Concerning the control rod efficiencies the relative deviation is higher. This is due to relatively great differences in the macroscopic group data produced for the control rod!
s by NESSEL and KASSETA. The deviations between results calculated by the same code with different group data indicate that using different data libraries by the AER benchmark participants may be a main reason for the high differences between their results.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. of the 6th Symposium of AER, Kirkkonummi (Finland), 23 - 26 September 1996, p. 499
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1735
Experimental and Calculation Characterization of Irradiation Facility KORPUS
Markina, N. V.; Riasanov, D. K.; Tellin, A. I.; Lichadeev, V. V.; Pavlov, V. V.; Tsikanov, V. A.; Brodkin, E. B.; Egorov, A. L.; Zaritsky, S. M.; Bars, B.; Stephan, I.; Voorbrack, W.; Nolthenius, H.; Ait Abderrahim, H.
Abstract
The preliminary results of the activation measurements and calculations in the different points of the irradiation facility KORPUS are shortly described and analyzed. The tasks of these investigations are the dosimetry characterization of the facility and creation of the international dosimetry benchmark.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. 9th International Symposium on Reactor Dosimetry, Prague, Sept. 2 - 6, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1734
Results Three-Dimension Hexagonal Dynamic Benchmark Problems for VVER Type Reactors
Kyrki-Rajamäki, R.; Grundmann, U.; Kereszturi, A.
Abstract
A series of three-dimensional hexagonal dynamic benchmark problems have been defined during 1992 - 1994 in the international VVER cooperation forum AER. All three problems are asymetric control rod ejections from low power level in a realistic VVER-440 core with fuel of three different enrichments and given nuclear data. However, the complexity of the models needed in the benchmark solutions is continuosly increased beginning from pure reactor kinetics and extending to real core thermal hydraulics modelling with a hot channel and DNB effects. Solutions calculated by six organizations with five different mostly nodal codes are included. Agreement of neutron kinetics results is very good. More differneces are induced by thermal hydraulics modelling.
-
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. of the Int. Conference on the Physics of Reactors PHYSOR '96, Mito (Japan), 16. - 20. 09. 1996, pp. J - 229 - J - 238
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1732
Ligth scattering analysis of waves destabilization at a liquid gallium surface
Kolevzon, V.; Gerbeth, G.
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Contribution to proceedings
Proceedings of the Second European Symposium Fluids in Space, Neapel, April 22 - 26, 1996, pp. 447 - 453
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1731
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten neuronaler Netze zur Früherkennung in Chemieanlagen
Hessel, G.; Schmitt, W.; van der Vorst, K.; Weiß, F.-P.; Neumann, J.; Schlüter, S.
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Contribution to proceedings
DECHEMA-Jahrestagung '96, Wiesbaden, 21. - 23. MAi 1996, Tagungsband II, S. 86 - 88
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1730
Anwendung neuronaler Netze zur akustischen Leckortung und Leckratenabschätzung
Hessel, G.; Schmitt, W.; van der Vorst, K.; Weiß, F.-P.
-
Contribution to proceedings
IV. Kolloquium "Technische Diagnostik", Dresden, 14./15 .03. 1996, Tagungsband S. 203 - 211
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1729
Comparsion between Neural Networks and Fuzzy Classification for Acoustic Leak Monitoring
Hessel, G.; Schmitt, W.; van der Vorst, K.; Weiß, F.-P.
Abstract
The capability of neuronal networks and fuzzy pattern classification is compared using measuring data that originate from experiments on leakage detection. The classification procedures are to localize simulated acoustically active leaks and to determine the leak rate. Different types of neural networks are needed to perform these two tasks. Alternatively fuzzy classifiers can be applied. Concerning the generalization capability, i.e. the recognition of positions and leak rates that could not be trained, neural networks clearly superior over fuzzy classification.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Proc. of the Fourth European Congress on Intelligent to Techniques and Soft Computing EUFIT '96, Aachen, September 2-5, 1996, pp. 1492 - 1496 -
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. of the Fourth European Congress on Intelligent to Techniques and Soft Computing EUFIT '96, Aachen, September 2-5, 1996, pp. 1492 - 1496
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1728
The Reactor Code DYN3DR - Transient Calculations of NEACRP Benchmarks for PWR and BWR
Grundmann, U.; Rohde, U.
Abstract
The new version DYN3DR of the code DYN3D/M2, initially designed for hexagonal-z
core analysis, has been developed for reactor cores with rectangular fuel assemblies.
The neutronic part of the two code versions can be used for steady-state and transient
calculations of reactor cores. The neutron kinetics in both versions is based on the
solution of the two group neutron diffusion equation by nodal methods being different
for hexagonal and rectangular geometry. The thermal-hydraulic module FLOCAL
simulating the two phase flow of coolant and the fuel rod hehaviour is used in both
versions. The accuracy of DYN3DR is demonstrated by comparisons with rod ejection
benchmarks for a PWR with rectangular fuel assemblies. The two phase flow model of
FLOCAL also allows the simulation of BWR transients. Results for the transient BWR
benchmark initiated by increase of inlet subcooling are shown.
The neutron kinetic part is parallelized for running on SUN workstations with several
processors. The speedup for steady state neutronic calculations is presented.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik '96, Mannheim, 21. - 23. Mai 1996, Tagungsbericht S. 23 - 26 -
Contribution to proceedings
Jahrestagung Kerntechnik '96, Mannheim, 21. - 23. Mai 1996, Tagungsbericht S. 23 - 26
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1727
Coupling of the thermohydraulic code ATHLET with the 3D neutron kinetic model DYN3D
Grundmann, U.; Kliem, S.; Lucas, D.; Rohde, U.
Abstract
The coupling of advanced thermohydraulic codes with 3-dimensional neutron kinetic codes corresponds to the effort to replace conservative estimations by best estimate calculations. ATHLET is an advanced thermohydraulic code, developed by the German "Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit" (GRS). The DYN3D code, developed at Forschungszentrum Rossendorf (FZR) for the simulation of reactivity initiated accidents in nuclear reactors with hexagonal and Cartesian fuel element cross section geometry comprises 3-dimensional neutron kinetics, models for the thermohydraulics of the core and the thermomechanical fuel rod behaviour.
The reactor core model DYN3D was coupled with ATHLET according to two basically different strategies. The first way of coupling uses only the neutron kinetics part of DYN3D (internal coupling). In the second way, the whole core is cut out from the ATHLET plant model and is completely described by DYN3D (external coupling). In this case the values of pressure, mass flow rate, enthalpy and boron acid concentration at the bottom and at the top of the core have to be transferred between the codes. This way of coupling is efficiently supported by the General Control and Simulation Module (GCSM) of ATHLET. Almost no changes of the single programs are necessary.
For plausibility test of the code coupling, comparative calculations between point kinetics, internal and external coupling were performed for different hypothetical accident scenarios. First results of the analysis of a main steam line break scenario for a VVER-440 type reactor by the help of ATHLET-DYN3D are presented. The effect of different assumptions for the coolant mixing in downcomer and lower plenum of the reactor has been investigated.
-
Lecture (Conference)
Proc. 6th Symposium of AER, pp.179-191, KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute, Budapest (1996), Kirkkonummi (Finland), 23-26 September 1996 -
Contribution to proceedings
Proc. 6th Symposium of AER, pp.179-191, KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute, Budapest (1996), Kirkkonummi (Finland), 23-26 September 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1726
ASAXS-Investigation of the Structural Changes in Laboratory Heats of the Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel 15 Kh2MFA after Irradation in a Nuclear Power Plant
Große, M.; Brauer, G.; Nitzsche, P.; Böhmert, J.; Goerigk, G.
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Other report
DESY, Jahresbericht 1995, HASYLAB am Deutschen Elektronen-Synchrotron, Annual Report II, Jan. 1996, S. 833
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1725
Influence of the Irradiation Temperature on the Formation of Defects in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels
Große, M.; Hempel, A.; Böhmert, J.; Brauer, G.; Haggag, F. M.
Abstract
Two heats of reactor pressure vessel steel type A533-B-1 differing in their Cu content (0.07 and 0.14 wt.-%) were irradiated to a fluence of 1x1018 neutrons/cm2 at temperatures of 60, 121, and 288 °C, respectively. Their microstructure has been studied by SANS, SAXS, and PAS in the as-irradiated and post-irradiation annealed stages and compared to the behaviour of unirradiated material and the results are discussed.
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Lecture (Conference)
MRS Fall Meeting 1996 and Proc. of the MRS Fall Meeting 1996, Boston (USA), Dec. 2 - 6, 1996 -
Contribution to proceedings
MRS Fall Meeting 1996 and Proc. of the MRS Fall Meeting 1996, Boston (USA), Dec. 2 - 6, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1724
Drop tower experiments on the thermocapillary drop migration
Galindo, V.; Teuner, M.; Gerbeth, G.; Langbein, D.
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Contribution to external collection
Proceedings Drop Tower Days, Bremen, July 8 - 11, 1996, pp. 2 - 10
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1723
A Risk Evaluation System for Contamined Sites
Ferse, W.; Reitz, T.
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Contribution to proceedings
Proc. of the FOURTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP on real-time computing of the environmental consequence of an accident release from a nuclear installation, Aronsborg, Sweden, Oct. 7 - 11, 1996, Paper N ...
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1722
A Computer System for Evaluation of Contamined Sites
Ferse, W.
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Other report
NATO ASI Series: Environment - Vol. 8, Kluver Academie Publishers, 1996
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1721
MHD turbulence measurements in a sodium channel flow
Eckert, S.; Gerbeth, G.; Langenbrunner, H.; Witke, W.
Abstract
The knowledge about properties of the anisotropic turbulence in liquid metal flows exposed to an external magnetic field is essential for several technological applications such as the concept of a selfcooled liquid metal blanket for thermonuclear fusion reactors, but also of basic interest for turbulence research. Flow parameters like pressure drop and heat transfer rate are essentially determined by the interaction between the external magnetic field and the liquid metal flow. Several experimental studies revealed that the application of a magnetic field leads not exclusively to a suppression of the turbulent perturbations. Velocity fluctuations remain and demonstrate a distinct anisotropy of the MHD turbulence showing a tendency to become two-dimensional. The properties of the local transport of heat or mass are strongly governed by the anisotropic character of the flow. In this context a number of questions arises regarding the origin, the decay time or the size of the turbulent elements. A typical feature of the two-dimensional turbulence is that the energy becomes concentrated in organised large scale fluctuations. This fact ensures an intensive heat transfer on longer distances. Because of the anisotropy of the electromagnetic dissipation term vortices will be scarcely damped over long distances if their axes are aligned with the magnetic field lines. For practical applications it is important to identify possibilities to promote the formation of such quasi-two-dimensional vortices in order to control the heat or mass transfer rate of the flow. It is well-known that the mentioned perturbations can be generated by rather specific means, for example, mechanical inserts or electrical currents between definitely arranged electrodes, etc.. In this paper we force the turbulence intensity by mechanical means employing a grid of cylindrical bars or flat stripes. Due to the favourable material properties of the used liquid sodium we are able to extend the measurements into the region of high interaction parameters. In this way the obtained results complement the already existing knowledge about the two-dimensional MHD turbulence.
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Contribution to proceedings
8th Beer-Sheva Int. Seminar on MHD flows and turbulence, Jerusalem, February 1996, to appear in: Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Ed.: Branover, H; Unger, Y.; Washington
Permalink: https://www.hzdr.de/publications/Publ-1720
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